Risk factors for oral cancer, its prevention
The death rate for oral cancer is higher than that of cancers which we hear about routinely such as cervical cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, laryngeal cancer, cancer of the testes, and endocrine system cancers such as thyroid, or skin cancer. It is not because of the fact that it is hard to discover or diagnose, but due to the cancer being routinely discovered late in its development. Often it is only discovered when the cancer has metastasised to another location, most likely the lymph nodes of the neck. Oral cancer is particularly dangerous because in its early stages it may not be noticed by the patient, as it can frequently prosper without producing pain or symptoms they might readily recognise, and because it has a high risk of producing second, primary tumors. Oral cancer is any abnormal growth and spread of cells in the mouth or oral cavity, including lips, tongue, inside of the lips and cheeks, hard palate (roof of the mouth), floor of the mouth (under the tongue), back of the throat, gums and teeth. Risk factors
There are many factors that can increase your risk of developing oral cancer. You are at greater risk if: * You are over the age of 40.
* You are male. Men are twice as likely to develop oral cancer, even though this gap is narrowing.
* You have Human Papillomavirus (HPV).
* You use tobacco products, especially if combined with high alcohol consumption.
* You regularly drink a lot of alcohol.
* Your lips are exposed to the sun on a regular basis.
* Your diet is low in fruits and vegetables - robbing you of important protective factors. Signs and symptoms
As part of your oral health regime, check the inside of your mouth for these potential signs and symptoms: * Sores in the mouth that do not heal within 2 weeks
* Dark red or white patches in the mouth
* Lumps located on the lips, tongue or neck
* Bleeding in the mouth
* Sore throat and difficulty with swallowing If you notice any of these signs and symptoms in your mouth, ask for an oral cancer screening at your dental or medical clinic. Early detection of oral cancer can greatly increase the success of treatment and reduce the likelihood that the cancer would spread to other parts of the body. Prevention
More importantly, oral cancer is a preventable disease. Make a commitment to reduce your risk today: * Quit smoking or using other tobacco products.
* Reduce alcohol consumption.
* Use a condom to reduce your risk of HPV infection.
* Use UV protection on your lips when you're outside and exposed to the sun.
* Eat a healthy diet.
* Brush and floss your teeth daily to reduce oral infections.
For all latest news, follow The Daily Star's Google News channel.
Comments