Sea level rise
Climate change will significantly affect migration in three distinct ways. First, the effects of warming and drying in some regions will reduce agriculture potential and undermine 'ecosystem services' such as clean water and fertile soil. Second, the increase in extreme weather events in particular, heavy precipitation and resulting flash or river floods in tropical regions. Finally, sea level rise will permanently destroy extensive and highly productive low-laying coastal areas that are home to millions of people who will have to relocate permanently. Along with other extreme weather events like flooding and tropical cyclone, sea level rise is an impending threat to the coastal areas in Bangladesh which has long and densely populated coastlines with many low-lying remote islands. In the severe climate change scenario, sea level rise poses an existential threat that would inundate 18 percent of Bangladesh's total land, directly impacting 11 percent of the country's population. Salt water intrusion from sea level rise in low-lying agricultural plains, along with other hazards, could lead to 40 percent decrease in food grain production and would increase forced migration to the urban slum areas. Estimate shows that with just a 1 to 2 degree increase in temperature would force physical dislocation of more than 35 million people in Bangladesh.
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