When one vaccine protects many

A disease many thought was fading into history has returned with alarming force. Measles, one of the world’s most contagious childhood illnesses, is once again spreading across several countries, including Bangladesh.

The illness spreads easily when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Tiny droplets can linger in the air and settle on everyday objects, making transmission difficult to avoid.

While many children recover with proper care, delays in seeking medical attention can lead to serious complications. Breathing difficulties, severe diarrhoea, dehydration and swelling of the brain may occur, sometimes with tragic consequences. Doctors emphasise that early medical support can greatly reduce the risk of severe illness.

The strongest defence remains vaccination. Health authorities say the vaccine offers excellent protection and has saved millions of lives worldwide. Yet outbreaks continue when too many people remain unprotected.

Experts are now highlighting the importance of community-wide protection. When most people are immune, the virus struggles to find new hosts and gradually loses its ability to spread. This collective shield not only protects vaccinated individuals but also safeguards vulnerable children who cannot yet receive the vaccine.

The writer is a Professor and Head of the Department of Medicine at ZH Sikder Women’s Medical College & Hospital. Email: lotus_pharma75@yahoo.com